A. VOGEL Crataegus Oxy

Dosage

Adults and children over 12 years:

Take 30 drops in a little water three times daily.

Maintenance/general health tonic:

Take 30 drops once or twice daily.

Ingredients & composition

The active substances are:

Each 1 ml contains:

Tincture of Crataegus species (Hawthorn) 970 mg

[From Crataegus oxyacantha L. and Crataegus monogyna Jacq., fresh fruits, 1:3,2 extract providing dry plant equivalent: 301 mg per ml]

The other ingredients are:

Contains approximately 50 % v/v alcohol.

Purified water.

Sugar-free.

Precautions, contraindications and interactions

Consult a healthcare practitioner before use if you are taking cardiovascular medications.

For prolonged use, consult a healthcare practitioner.

It is not recommended during pregnancy or nursing.

Avoid taking in case of known allergy to any ingredients in the product.

Actions and pharmacology

Hawthorn's active components are mostly flavonoids (luteolin, apigenin, vitexin, rutin, and quercetin as glycosides) and procyanidins.

Hawthorn is also a source of tannins or polyphenols (oligomeric catechins and epicatechin), carboxylic acids (caffeic acid), triterpenes and simple amines (choline, acetylcholine and tyramine).

Researchers were unable to find one major active ingredient. It seems that the therapeutic effect of Hawthorn, like many other herbs, rests on the synergy of all of its components.

The various in vivo and in vitro studies have identified many of Hawthorn's therapeutic effects:

• Increase of cardiac contractility (positive inotropic effect). As a result, heart efficiency and ejection fraction are increased.
• Peripheral resistance reduction (post-charge reduction). The lesser the resistance, the lesser the effort needed by the heart. The final effect is a reduction in oxygen consumption.
• Coronary vasodilator (improves heart irrigation and oxygen supply). A well-irrigated heart is a better fit for exercise and stress.
• Increase of cardiac contraction efficiency. The contraction is quicker and more efficient, allowing a longer rest period (refractory period). The heart has, therefore, better endurance.
• A slight reduction in hypertension. Incidentally, Hawthorn can also improve hypotension. Its final effect is normalizing mild cases of either low or high blood pressure.
• Cholesterol reduction.

The German Commission E acknowledges its benefits in cases of:

Decreasing cardiac output as described in functional Stages I and II (NYHA).

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